– Robert Boswell, publisher. Errors and additions may be sent to my email, boswell.robert@gmail.com.

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By Misty Thornton

Each year thousands of pony lovers arrive on the island of Chincoteague, Virginia the last week in July just to wrap their eyes around the famous Chincoteague ponies, many for a whole week full of fun and sight-seeing.

The Saltwater Cowboys, almost as famous as the Chincoteague ponies, begin their work on Saturday, the week before Pony Penning,  with the roundup of the southern herd. Then, on Sunday they move to the northern range at the tip of the Virginia side of the island to round up the larger herd of around 100 ponies plus foals. Where the land is so much bigger than the southern range, it  takes longer to round the ponies up and put them into their corra l. The northern herd is less seen by the public because the access road, which runs 7.5 miles into the wilderness, is only open to hikers.

Both the southern and northern ranges are part of the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge. The ponies are owned by the Chincotegue Volunteer Fire Company.

The swim which takes place on Wednesday of “Pony Week” is the event that brings 30,000 to 40,000 visitors to this small island off the Virginia coast, but on the last Monday in July what’s known as the Beach Run has become its own attraction. More than 3,000 visitors made up of  vacationers, pony-lovers and pony bidders line the Assateague beach early in the morning  to see the northern herd escorted along the Atlantic Ocean to the  southern corral on Beach Road.  This day is just the start of the  Pony Penning, a weeklong event.

This year’s beach run started off with traffic backed up just as visitors arrived on the bridge to Assateague Island before 6 a.m. because only one toll booth was open and collecting money. So everyone had to wait in a very impatient line to enter the island. When we finally got onto Assateague, the parking lot for the beach was packed.

Walking north from the parking lot, we joined the crowd in search of the perfect viewing spot. As we walked along the beach we saw family after family with their beach equipment, towels, water, binoculars, sunscreen,  chairs and anything else they could carry to help them pass the hour-plus wait as the sun rose over the Atlantic. Everyone was settling down in what they hoped would be  just the right spot to catch an early morning glimpse of the Chincoteague wild ponies.

One of these early morning families was from Maryland. Their family car wasn’t the regular car with the total of five seats in all. It was a strtch limo, with enough seats for the parents to carry all 10 of their children. “We always thought it would be nice to bring the kids here, and we’ve been coming for a couple years now,” said Tammy, the mother.

The wait was on but it wasn’t so bad. As the sun started to rise, the ripples in the water made it look like the horizon of orange and yellow was exploding into waves that crashed along the island sand. Children played in the ripples with their bathing suits on, and little ones dug holes into the sand to try and build some small sand castles.

After a wait of nearly two hours, at 7:30 a.m. the ponies appeared in a distance through light fog, all encouraged along by the Cowboys in a tight formation. As they passed, spectators cheered, most getting their first up-close look at a Chincoteague pony.

Except for a few “buybacks” the foals, even those just born, would not return to Assateague.  Most would be taken to new homes by owners who cast the highest bids at the upcoming auction on Thursday. Buybacks are a few chosen ponies that are auctioned off but returned to the herd.

The end of their trip on this Monday were the big corrals on the Beach Road curve, where all ponies from both herds and all their foals would spend the night.

Nestled by their mothers, the foals slept and nursed while the parents ate and drank the fresh water that was awaiting them when they entered the corral to join the southern ponies. Groups of ponies played and pranced about sometimes accidentally bumping into their mothers. Life in the corral would only last until early Wednesday morning, known as swim day, when the ponies would either swim or go by trailer lighting up the eyes of thousands who had come from across the nation to see them.

 By Wilma Young

Welcome to Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge. Today you will

be walking the Woodland Trail. We can’t know in advance all the things you will encounter on the trail, but we can give you an idea of the possibilities and probabilities.

Before you begin your walk, just as your car turns off the Beach Road onto the Woodland Trail, there’s a landmark on your right. Just a few slabs of concrete in a tangle of greenbrier vines. This is all that’s left of an old life saving station- probably a portion of the cistern. In the previous century there were four of these stations on Assateague Island. Two of them were here on the Virginia’s end of the island.

Imagine now that it’s the eighteenth century. You would have been near the shore line, hearing the surf; instead of which, you are hearing the sounds of the pine forest, nearly a mile from the beach. Barrier islands grow and change rapidly. They are always in transition.

The Assateague Beach Life Saving Station was established in 1875. It wouldn’t have been manned in summer weather, but between August and June, a keeper and six or eight men were on duty twenty-four hours a day. These surf-men got room, board and twenty dollars a month in pay. You won’t, be surprised to learn that they trapped Muskrats to supplement their incomes. They not only endangered their lives rescuing crew men and saving the ships, they also did beach patrol, returning lost property they found, giving assistance to hunters and fishermen who had gotten lost on the island and providing them with food and lodging. In times of storm and high tides, they evacuated families who lived on the islands.

As you walk through the forest, you may encounter a Delmarva Peninsula Fox Squirrel. You will recognize him by his unusual size. He’s the largest of the tree squirrels, weighing up to three pounds and tail included, may be up to thirty inches long. His coat varies in color from light grey with silver chest and belly, to nearly black. Smaller species of squirrel seem to dash recklessly through the tree tops, traveling on tiny branches and launching themselves through the air, catching a nearby limb as if they were trapeze artists. The Delmarva’s are more cautious in the tree tops, running on larger limbs more suited to supporting their weight. They spend a great deal of time on the ground.  Now and then a grey squirrel may share habitat with the Delmarva’s. We try to discourage this by transporting them to more suitable areas as it is the Delmarva’s who are endangered.

Once, the Delmarva’s were common on the Delmarva Peninsula, ranging into New Jersey and Pennsylvania. They depended on the Loblolly Pine for shelter as well as for the supply of seeds from the cones of the pine. Clear cutting of the forest denied them the advantages of food, shelter and space and moved them into the endangered category.

 By the 1920′s, they were extinct in all states except Maryland. Between 1968 and 1971, thirty of these squirrels were moved here to Chincoteague Refuge where they were released near the lighthouse and here on the woodland trail. They seem to be prospering here as they have not only loblolly seeds to eat but also acorns, and buds and flowers of trees.

The Maritime Forest provides loblollies for the squirrels to make nests in and the occasional Hardwood Hollow Trees for dens. The refuge provides nesting boxes as well.

 Odd name: Loblolly. One researcher writes that the early settlers were impressed with the ever presence of this versatile pine and named it for the common and ever-present breakfast food of England- their porridge known as Loblolly. Lob is of the Middle English origin and meant literally “thick” and Lolly was a dialect word for broth. Loblolly also means “a mud puddle” which doesn’t say much for the porridge- but perhaps we can justify it for the loblolly tree because this pine does like to have its roots in a damp environment.

As the Loblolly grows taller, the lower branches fall which gives the forest a relatively clear understory with not too many places for predators to hide.

The Great Horned Owl may silently sweep down in the dusk and pick off a young squirrel. Owls have special soft downy feathers at wings’ edge which eliminate the flapping noise most birds produce in flight. These owls haven’t large ears- just tufts of feathers on either side of the top of the head. Small creatures must be especially vigilant because the owls have eyes positioned on the front of their heads giving them better binocular vision than birds with eyes on the sides of their heads. The owl doesn’t have moonlight or starlight every night that he’s hungry, so he listens too for rodents rustling in the leaves. This is the owl whose haunting mournful call is often used on movie sound tracks.

The understory isn’t completely clear. Greenbrier is a thorny tangled vine with heart shaped leaves that gives the squirrel a hiding place on the ground and would trip the unwary human and would certainly impede other predators.

Trumpet Creepers and grape vines add to the tangle in some parts of the forest. Poison Ivy achieves spectacular growth in this environment with the stems reaching the thickness of your forearm and climbing to the tops of the pine trees. The fruit, twigs and berries provide excellent and abundant food supply for white tailed deer, sikas, possums, ponies and at least fifty species of birds.

If you see a small heart-shaped face peering at you from a thicket, it’s our Sika. You’ve heard about them if you’ve been on the refuge more than ten minutes. These are the small Asian elk with the distinctive white patch on their rumps – their trademark- the powder-puff behind. A few Sikas, probably less than twenty were released on the island in the 1920’s.  Present population estimate is somewhat less than a thousand.

When you reach the pony overlook you will be facing an area of marsh with groundsel and marsh elder, flea bane and seaside goldenrod in season.

In the distance is the red and white 142 foot horizontally striped lighthouse about a mile and a half away. This is surprising when you remember that when the original 45 foot lighthouse was built in 1833 it stood near open sea. Toms Hook, the curved sandy stretch of the island has developed since the mid 1800′s.

To both right and left are small stands of Loblollies on slightly raised land areas. Often there are ponies loafing under the trees.

Where did these shaggy ponies come from?  You may take your choice of fact or legend. The early islanders let their live stock graze on the Barrier islands. These may be the descendents of those horses who have adapted to the harsh environment. Or you may choose to accept the stories of horses shipwrecked in the 1700’s – which swam to the safety of the islands and established a colony here. If you have a romantic streak, you may blend fact and legend. In any case, enjoy these hardy little island dwellers.

After leaving the pony overlook, you’ll come into an area where pools of fresh water stand near the trail. Here the vines and small shrubs are thicker and here is where you’ll find a large amount of bird activity.

You may be thinking that if it’s damp there’s a chance of snakes and amphibians- and you’d be correct. But don’t panic. As far as we know there are no venomous reptiles in residence here. We do have Hognose Snakes. This fellow gets his name from an up-turned snout. If threatened, he puts on a brave front; hisses, puffs out his head, and if this fails to make you back off, he will lie on his back, tongue hanging out of his gaping mouth and play dead.

The Black Rat Snake grows quite long; possibly 5 feet and is an excellent tree climber – often living in tree cavities. He is not venomous either.

Here near the fresh water ponds and brackish marshes you may find southern leopard frogs. They come in green or brown.

 The other amphibians you’re likely to encounter on the refuge are Fowler’s toads. They appear on sandy trails or around buildings. Their skin is dry, usually in shades of brown or grey with pale chests.

There’s a slight possibility of meeting a Red-Backed Salamander. They are only two and to five inches long. Not threatening creatures.

As this site is on the Atlantic flyway, we have a great many species of birds who visit us. We can’t begin to guess which ones you’ll encounter…it’s all up to season, weather and chance. Over Three hundred have been identified on this refuge, and twenty that have been seen only once or twice. Would you believe that the common house sparrow, The English Sparrow… falls into the Latter category, having been seen here only rarely. Oddly enough they are commonly seen on the next island to our west on Chincoteague Island.

 Warblers are frequent visitors to our refuge, some of them like the Pine Warbler and Prairie Warbler nesting here. Yellow Rumped Warblers were formerly called Myrtle Warblers because of their preference for the berries of the wax Myrtle bushes. Those berries are wax like and few other birds are able to digest them.

Red Eyed and White Eyed Vireos both nest here. These little fellows hide in myrtle thickets which provide excellent camouflage. During breeding season they sing throughout the day.

Bald eagles may be seen soaring over the refuge. . They aren’t bald you know, they have white feathers on their heads.  Turkey Vultures, often seen wheeling in the neighborhood really is bald.

If you don’t see woodpeckers along this trail, you’ll probably hear them. They peck at trees to locate food and also do a good bit of hammering in lieu of song, to impress their mates and also establish territory. Downy, hairy and Red Bellied Woodpeckers are seen here as well as Pileated Woodpeckers. The northern flicker is common as well. The Red Woodpecker is an occasional visitor.

You may hear a great scuffling in the leaves, in which case, look for the Rufous-sided Towhee leaves; he is, as his name suggests, rusty reddish brown. He has named himself, shouting “see tow See” although some listeners say he is asking you to “drink your tea”.

You’ll not be surprised to see Starlings here. From a flock of one hundred birds released in Manhattan in 1890, they have spread across the continent.  Their consumption of insects may be the one favorable characteristic of this bird.

You see, we’re nowhere near covering the three hundred plus species you might encounter: Owls, Buntings, Cardinals, Chickadees, Juncos… the list goes on…but walk the trail with alert.

Wilma Young served as a senior volunteer at several national parks, coming to the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge three times. 

Her last stay at the Chincoteague refuge was just before her 80th birthday in 1997-98. On this third stay she served as an environmental education teacher for the Chincoteague Natural History Association. As a volunteer in her first two summers, along with the various duties she was given, Wilma found time to write. She spent hours reading about Chincoteague history and conducting research in the libraries. Some of her articles later found their way onto the Refuge web site, some were published in our local newspapers and some were used as trail guides for other volunteers. Today, at the age of 90, Wilma is as intensely interested in protecting our planet as she ever was. She can talk non-stop about the ways we humans have found to cause harm to our environment. She is passionate about things most people never take the time to learn. Years ago she wrote a story for her granddaughter, explaining why she often wasn’t home. “Every living thing depends on other living things and although we know a lot of the connections, we don’t know them all.” In explaining her work with the Refuge to her granddaughter, Wilma wrote, “…I help report the numbers on the goose collars…I answer questions our visitors have about all the wild creatures…I notify the biologists of any reports of unusual sightings of sick animal or creatures caught in nets…sometimes I pick up trash on the beach…I wander the trails, answering more questions…and best of all I look up a lot of stuff then write about it to help people understand how much we all need each other.” It is hard to find the words to describe this caring, kind and concerned grandmother. But her precise and accurate writing speaks for itself. We are pleased to publish her work in Wild Pony Tales. – Robert Boswell, publisher. 

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By Windy Mason

 Xiao Xiao Zhang of Herndon was the Best of Show winner for the Jr. Duck Stamp Art Competition held at the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge on Friday, March 19. Xiao studies art through Xing Art Studio.

Runners up, all of which took first place, are Elizabeth Kim from Vienna, schooled by Erae Art Studio; Anne-Sophie Kim from Chantilly, schooled by Erae Art Studio; Sally Zhou from Fairfax, schooled by Xing Art Studio; and Amy Ann from Fairfax, schooled by Erae Art Studio.

Winners were chosen by age group.

For K-3, first place winners were Wen Ip from Herndon, schooled by Xing Art Studio; Rachel Eom from Burke, schooled by Erae Art Studio; and Jane Wang from Fairfax, schooled by Xing Art Studio. Second place winners in this group were Kathleen Li from Chantilly, schooled by Xing Art Studio; Annie Wu Burke, schooled by Xing Art Studio; and Elise Ong from Springfield, schooled by Hope Chinese School. The third place winners were Peter Kim from Burke, schooled by Erae Art Studio; David Sohn from Springfield, schooled by Erae Art Studio; and Victoria Ren from South Riding, schooled by Xing Art Studio.

For grades 4-6, first place winners were Vivian Aeyang from Oak Hill, schooled by Xing Art Studio and Nathan Luong from Burke, schooled by Xing Art Studio.  In second place were Janis Chen from Herndon, schooled by Xing Art Studio; Cynthia Zhuang from Herndon, schooled by Lu Wei’s Art Studio; and Beth Zhao from Fairfax, schooled by Xing Art Studio. Third place winners in this age group were Timothy Liu from Fairfax, schooled by Xing Art Studio; Helen Park from Lorton, schooled by Erae Art Studio; and Caroline Chen from South Riding, schooled by Xing Art Studio.

Grade 7-9 first place winner was Julia Yang from Oak Hill, schooled by Xing Art Studio. In second place were Virginia Hsu from Clifton, schooled by Xing Art Studio; Olivia Hsu from McLean, schooled by Xing Art Studio; and Rose Yim from Fairfax Station, schooled by Erae Art Studio. Third place winners were Yang Peng from Springfield, schooled by Hope Chinese School; Ashley Yoo from Herndon, schooled by Erae Art Studio; and Hillary Liu from Fairfax, schooled by Asian Pacific Art Institute of America.

In grades 10-12, the first place winner was Ray Zhang from Fairfax, schooled by Xing Art Studio. Second place winners were Eunice Wu from Vienna, schooled by Asian Pacific Art Institute of America and Keun Ji Lee from Centreville, schooled by Erae Art Studio. Third place winners were Ji Young Kim from Chantilly; Yeo Won Yoon from Burke, schooled by Veronica Art Class; and Xinyue Yao from Fairfax, schooled by Asian Pacific Art Institute of America.

Two Accomack County students won Honorable Mention. Matthew Annis, 15, from Parksley, a 10^th grader at Arcadia High School, was inspired by duck hunting and his art teacher, Mrs. Rosemary Gibbons. He entered an acrylic which he first drew and then painted. Sarah Fluhart, 15, from Pungoteague, who is homeschooled, was inspired by “her ducks.”  She entered an acrylic created from a picture that she had taken. Sarah also enjoys creating with water color pencil.

There were 229 entries from around the state. The competition was run by Jr. Duck Stamp Coordinator, Aubrey Hall, a member of the refuge staff. The judges were representatives from a variety of areas and backgrounds. They were: Bob Wilson, a former deputy manager of the refuge, and wildlife photographer who lives here on the shore; Merry Maxwell is a deputy refuge manager at Eastern Virginia Rivers National Wildlife Refuge Complex in Warsaw; Kim Check, an environmental educator at the Ward Museum of Waterfowl Art in Salisbury; Bear Starr, a birder and volunteer for Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge; and Wally Makuchal, Jr. the Maryland National Duck Stamp Contest winner in 2009, now from Worcester County. “The judges were selected for their familiarity with waterfowl, art and conservation as well as their connections to the wetlands of the Eastern Shore,” said Hall.

The Best of Show winner will go on to the national competition. The winning artwork in the national competition will be made into an actual stamp and sold to raise money which will be applied towards environmental education and to support the Jr. Duck Stamp Program. The Jr. Duck Stamp is sold for $5 by the U.S. Postal Service as well as the Amplex Corporation. The appeal of the Jr. Duck Stamp is for collection and support of environmental education. These stamps are prized by many stamp collectors.

 

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By Windy Mason

After 23 years working in the maintenance department for the Virginia end Assateague Island National, Ish Ennis was promoted to chief of maintenance last September 1; and took over the office at the Maryland Visitor Center, in charge of the entire barrier island seashore. Two and a half months later, the November nor’easter called Ida roared up the Atlantic Ocean and dumped 3 to 4 feet of sand on the beach, burying the parking lots.

Suddenly, Ennis faced the massive job of moving a mountain of sand around and coming up with a plan to restore parking in time for the coming summer beach season, when up to 1,000 visitors a day travel through the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge to the oceanfront.

But Ennis is a voice of confidence. Not a sign of panic anywhere, even though the beach months are fast approaching. That’s because in his time Ennis has seen any number of storms. He had on his desk, with a 8×10 photo on the cover, a whole book on the Hurricane Isabelle recovery project, a storm that hit a few years ago. Bicycle racks and road signs in the photos showed sand levels near where they were after Ida.

But this year due to an unusually harsh winter, the beach parking lot recovery project on the Virginia end of Assateague Island is running about two weeks behind.

“This year we definitely had a rough winter. We’ve had a lot of pounding nor’easters that haven’t given us much relief,” Ennis said. “It’s been nor’easter after nor’easter,” said Casey Custer, the maintenance mechanic for the Virginia Assateague.

During the snowy season, the crew was doing its usual operational duties including snow removal and cleaning decks. In December and into January, plans were being made for the new beach configuration, devised by Ennis, the maintenance staff and Carl Zimmerman of resource management. “This week is the first week we are moving forward with any kind of construction,” Ennis said. “We’ve been excavating all of the old material out of the parking lots. We’ll reuse that material in the new configuration. Then, we’ll cap it all off with a couple inches of shells,” he said.

On Assateague Beach in Virginia, currently you will see high piles that are yellow. They look like sand, but are actually old, road base material. “We recover that road base and reuse it. Some of it has been used several times. It keeps costs down,” said Ennis. Around 9,000 yards of this clay road base will be relocated during the project. Sand will be moved to the east.

The parking lot, which is one foot deep, will be taken up. From this, material will be reused to fill the holes. There will be a one foot slope for drainage purposes. Above the road base material, there will be roughly 10 inches of sand and two inches of shells.  Also, out of this project, 150 to 200 feet of eroded asphalt will be taken up and replaced with shells.

“We’ll start in the turn circle and work south first,” said Ish. This is in contrast to the first plans for the recovery, in which parking lot one on the north was to be repaired first. “The area to the north, parking lot one, has not settled down. We are still getting substantial over wash there, “said Ennis. “By working on the south  lots first, this will provide more parking spaces by the busy season.” There are only 155 parking spaces in parking lot one on the north. There are 961 parking spaces in the southern parking lots. Once the area calms down, parking lot one will be made smaller and moved back according to the new configuration.

As maintenance chief, his new position covers both ends of Assateague Island, making him responsible for recreational beach facilities, producing a budget and acting as project manager in both Maryland and Virginia. Ennis, spends his Saturdays on the Virginia end working with the crew as well as taking the time to check in a couple of times during the week, while also maintaining his duties in Maryland. “The crew down there is flat out incredible,” says Ennis. “They’re working 10 hours a day, six days a week, day in and day out,” he said.

There are two loaders and one 25-ton off-road truck in use in the recovery effort now. More equipment has been ordered and will be in use during the peak of the construction throughout the month of April. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Park Service crews are working together.  Jack Williams, heavy equipment operator, is acting supervisor on the project. Casey Custer, maintenance mechanic, and John Watson, are also acting as equipment operators. Jeffrey Oshaben, motor vehicle operator, is also on the project. Fish and Wildlife people involved in the project are Charlene Swartz, Jeff Marshall and Grover “Drizzle” Wilgus.

While providing an honorable mention for all of this crew, Ennis said,  “They go.”

“It’s a rush and it wears people down, There’s no doubt about that,” Ennis said. “The crew works because they know the impact they have if they don’t get it done. They’re motivated. They’re hearts are in it and they lose sleep over it,” he said.

The estimate for the project is still at $600,000 for the Virginia end of the island. Parking lots usually run $100,000 to 125,000 annually for general repairs after nor’easters and other storms, if none have to be moved. “This year, we’re going to move them back. The funding is being done by ERFO, Emergency Relief for Federal Owned Roads, under the Federal Highway Administration. This ERFO money comes through the National Park Service, which manages that fund,” explains Ennis.

The only ERFO funding is in Virginia. The money that goes into Maryland is not from ERFO.  It’s money coming from the regional office budget. After this year, there may be no funding to cover parking lot recovery. The ERFO funding is for roads. “They have been nice enough to give us that money even though it doesn’t provide for parking. They have said that after this year, we won’t get anymore money for parking. We’ll get it for roads,” said Ennis. “ERFO has been generous to us. They realize just how important the beach is economically to the area,” he said.

In comparison of the Maryland and Virginia ends of Assateague Island, Ennis said, “We have a lot more land base in Maryland. It’s not as impacted by high tides as Virginia. The Maryland district of Assateague  is not as vulnerable as the Virginia district. However, that’s not saying that we don’t have the same issues that we are going to have to address in the near future. It’s just we’re not as vulnerable at this time.” Just two years ago, there was a major move of a parking lot in Maryland.

The storm did hit the Maryland end of  the island pretty substantially as well. The estimate for the recovery process in Maryland is non-ERFO money and is $298,000, from which some will also go to Virginia. It’s not coming from the ERFO fund and will be divided up between Maryland and Virginia. “All of this money will have to cover the work being done, the shells for covering the relocated parking lots, and overtime for the work crew,” explains Ennis. Virginia was actually estimated at $549,000 for ERFO money.

“We will have some parking by April 4. We’ll make a point to open up something. Wherever we are, we will shell and open up, just like we have done in the past,” Ennis said.

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By Tammy Rickman

In 1839 English author Edward Bulwer-Lytton wrote, “…the pen is mightier than the sword.” Though I suspect he coined the term with somewhat more purposeful intentions, they rang no less true for less intense purposes.

Not unlike Mr. Lytton, Marguerite Henry is famous in her own right for her stories of Chincoteague and Assateague Islands and the wild mustang ponies that roam freely there.

Her words have reached far around the world touching the hearts and souls of many, young and old alike. She no doubt had little inkling how mighty her sword would prove for both individuals and the islands. Her words became the substance of dreams.

In July 2009 one family saw their dreams of the islands, which sit snuggly off the Eastern Coast of Virginia, become a reality.

Anna McAllister 72, her four daughters Nancy Caiazzi 50, Susan Hughes 49, Patricia Stavdal 47, Janice McIntyre 44, and her two granddaughters Courtney Hughes 28 and Jillian Caizzi 12 made their way from Massachusetts, Connecticut and New York to live out a childhood dream.

The girls grew up in Long Island, New York along with their three brothers. When Nancy, the eldest of the four, was about 10 years old Santa gave the girls a three book set of Marguerite’s books for Christmas including Misty of Chincoteague, Stormy Misty’s Foal, and Sea Star. Nancy said, “I loved reading and horses so the books were a perfect gift.”

Anna said she and her husband had decided to give the kids a book every Christmas as something they could keep over the years rather than always getting the books from the library. Nancy was “into” horses then so they bought the set of three books for the oldest three girls, Nancy, Susan and Patti, to share. Anna said she knew little about the story of Misty at the time. However, the girls quickly fell in love with the books and their animated conversations over the books led Anna to read them for herself.

From the moment they read them their imaginations bloomed and it wasn’t long before Nancy began talking about going to Chincoteague someday to see the ponies and the swim. With seven children vacations of that type were not easy and it seemed that it just never developed.  

Years passed and Susan said that she had found a new desire to attend the event when she was able to visit the Maryland span of Assateague Island several years earlier with two of her three children and saw the horses roaming the campgrounds.

In the fall of 2008, after many years of dreaming, talking  and saying “someday,” the girls began planning their trip as a surprise birthday gift for Nancy’s 50^th birthday.  Susan said, “After talking about it for years—2009 was the year we were going to finally ‘make it happen’.”

Nancy said her mother and three sisters knew that seeing the ponies and round up had long been her dream. On her birthday in February 2009 they told her it was about to come true. They had rented a house on Chincoteague Island for the week of the round up, and Nancy and her 12 year old daughter Jillian would be going with them, no excuses.

The group would spend the next few months in anxious anticipation and planning. Finally, after many long years and several months of counting down days, they began their trip south to fulfill a lifelong dream.

The girls would arrive in two groups. The first would be Janice, Susan and Susan’s daughter, Courtney. They arrived on Sunday afternoon, July 26, 2009, 4 days prior to the swim. The anticipation was building as they neared the island, a place they had desired to see for so many years.

Susan said as they crossed the causeway she couldn’t help but notice how calm and beautiful the water appeared before the fishermen who cast lines along the banks. However, the serene scene was soon interrupted by the swarm of gulls that had come out to welcome them to the island.

Once on the island they reluctantly put off checking out the island and visiting Assateague Island in order to pick up their rental key. Shortly after arriving they headed out to the holding corrals off Beach Road on Assateague Island. Susan said that as they stood watching the herds corralled there it finally hit home that they had actually arrived

That afternoon the first of several afternoon storms rolled through the sky. Following the guidance of a few locals they grabbed some takeout form Captain Zak’s Seafood and headed back to the rental to wait out the storm.

On Monday afternoon, July 27, the rest of the girls made their way across the causeway. “Crossing the bridge I remember just about shaking in excitement of finally visiting Chincoteague,” Nancy said of her first reaction to the event. She noted how different it was from the approach to Long Island which is filled with the feel of the city. The open space and marsh filled waters was a pleasant surprise.

The girls spent the next few days exploring the island, window shopping downtown, visiting Assateague Lighthouse and getting in some valuable family time playing games at the rental house in Smuggler’s Cove during afternoon thunderstorms.

They took pictures of the Misty statue and Misty’s hoof prints outside the Island Roxy Theatre. They visited the Beebe Ranch and attended the 84^th annual Fireman’s Carnival which Nancy said was smaller than she had expected. Her 12 year old daughter Jillian rode her first Ferris wheel at the carnival.

They spent many afternoons watching sunsets that set the sky ablaze and walked along Chincoteague Bay. The sunsets across the bay became one of their favorite activities. A few of them took a canoe from the rental house out into Chincoteague Bay. The group also took a sunset boat tour of Assateague Island and Tom’s Cove where they saw dolphins and other wildlife aboard the Assateague Explorer. Nancy said visiting places like the Beebe Ranch, carnival and Tom’s Cove was especially fun due to their parts in the books they had read so many times.

The girls had matching pink tank tops and sweatshirts made that read “Girls Round Up—Chincoteague.” Along with the shirts, they each had a different colored cowboy hat. Some even wore bandanas.  On Wednesday morning July 29, 2009 they donned their hats and tank tops and headed out at 5 a.m. for the event they had waited to see for so long.

Prior to that morning, they had scouted out the best places to park, facilities and the perfect viewing spot. What they had not expected was the mucky, marshy trek they would make to their perfect spot.

The ponies came ashore on a grassy beach near Pony Swim Lane. A boardwalk bridge that aids emergency personnel, cowboys and other staff to access the water and floating barges that help with the swim reaches from the lane to the water’s edge. When scouting they had used the bridge. What they had not known was that the bridge would not be accessible to the public the day of the swim.

Mucky marshes are part of the landscape of the islands. The area between the lane and the beach can be semi dry or soupy and swampy. The series of afternoon thunderstorms throughout the week had left the area looking more the bayous of Louisiana rather than the marshes of an island.

A large pool of murky, muddy water stood between viewers and the more solid ground near the viewing area. With hundreds of feet wading their way through the area and then back again, when someone needed to use the facilities, the ground was soupy, slurpy, and deep. In some spots one step left you knee deep in thick suctioning mud that was reluctant to let you leave with your shoes still attached to your feet.

The girls were not completely ill-equipped. Their outings around town, and conversations with locals had at the very least warned them that there could be mud and to find form fitting shoes. With that information, they had found shoes which stayed on their feet and allowed them to make it through the muck with their shoes intact.

Susan said they were glad to have “marched” through because it was all part of the experience. She also noted they had expected large crowds and long waits pre-swim.  She didn’t feel the crowds grew as large as they had thought, but then again they are New Yorkers and large crowds come with the territory. Had they ventured over to Memorial Park, they would have noted several thousand more people who had not marched through the muck.

The group enjoyed the wait with an Amish family whom befriended their mother and shared their chairs. Their anticipation grew as swim time neared and they waited to live out a once in a life time experience.

 Nancy noted that she had visions of what she thought the swim might be like from the books she had read. However, she was reluctant to expect anything for fear of being disappointed. She felt it better to just experience the events as they occurred.

She would not be disappointed. The excitement built as the long awaited ponies neared shore and finally gathered on the marshy shore to graze on marsh grasses and rest.  A moment the girls had dreamt about for years was now happening, and a dream became reality as the famous ponies of the childhood stories mulled around only feet from where they stood. Nancy even bought a chance on King or Queen Neptune. King or Queen Neptune is the first foal to step onto land after the swim. Tickets are sold for a drawing to win the foal at the carnival grounds after the swim. This year’s foal was a boy and so called King Neptune.

The excitement and emotions are not something easily described. The realization of a dream is a high nothing can duplicate, especially a dream so long in the making.

After the swim they made their way to the parade route. This is the route the ponies take after the swim and a rest down Pony Swim Lane and Main Street to the carnival ground corrals.

With their gear they attracted lots of attention and comments, even from one of the famous “Salt Water Cowboys” who yelled to them during the parade that he wanted one of those tank tops. “It was a wonderful Girls Round Up,” said Susan.

The girls went to the Auction on Thursday, but some of them missed most of the actual auction when they were distracted by a vendor selling souvenir photos of the swim. Jill and Susan spent some time watching an artist sketch some of the ponies through the corral fence, and watching the famous “Surfer Dude” and his newest foal prance through the corral.

Surfer Dude is one of the few studs who roam the marshes of Assateague Island. He is famous for his coat of amber and blonde mane and tail which gives him the illusion of a trademark surfer. The name fits with some irony given he roams the beaches and marshes of an Atlantic Ocean island.  Surfer passed his trademark coloring to a previous foal, a mare named Gidget and to his new off spring who will also roam the island with his father. The foal, later named Riptide at the auction, was one of the “buybacks” which are bought and then given back to the herd. Males are rarely kept, but Riptide was kept due to his father’s age.

Nancy said not seeing the auction was not necessarily a bad thing since she would have had to disappoint her husband by bidding on one after she had made him happy by informing him she had not won King Neptune.

Nancy and Susan said it was alright that they missed things like the Beach Run which brings the Northern herd down Assateague Beach to the corral on Beach Road to join the Southern herd, because it is reason to come back again. Prior to this event the Northern herd is corralled in a more secluded corral on the northern end of the island after being rounded up.

Courtney and Janice left on Thursday following the auction. The rest stayed through Saturday and enjoyed the cruise, Friday’s swim back to Assateague by the ponies and a day on Assateague beach to wrap up the week.

Nancy said just being on the island was magical and even overwhelming at times, like when visiting Beebe Ranch and seeing the actual mounted statues of Misty and Stormy. When asked what her favorite part of the whole experience was she said, “Seeing a dream become reality in the company of my mom, sisters, niece, and daughter was the best part of the trip.

Nancy’s mom Anna said that since returning home she has spent a lot of time telling the children’s dad, Jim, about the experience.  She has also promised to take him there in the not too distant future. She said, “I know he will also share my feelings, because over 50 years of marriage we have spent innumerable hours on beaches.  For us, it’s the best place in the world.” 

The beach has been a big part of the family life with dad an avid swimmer and lifeguard, each one of his seven children at some point lifeguarded and/or taught swimming lessons and now eight of the 16 grandchildren have followed suit.

Nancy, Susan, and Anna all mentioned return trips to see the round ups, beach run  and maybe even one of the spring or fall round ups that are used to monitor the health of the herd twice a year.  Who knows,  maybe next time they’ll even invite the boys!

Tammy Rickman is associate publisher of Wild Pony Tales.

The writer celebrated her 90th birthday in November. In the late 1980’s, she served as a volunteer and intern at several national parks, including the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Along with her volunteer duties, she found time to make use of her research and writing talents. This is one of a number of articles and trail guides she wrote. Following a chance meeting with Wild Pony Tales publisher, Robert Boswell, four years ago on the Chincoteague Refuge tour bus, she made this article and others available to the website.

Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge was created for migratory birds in 1943 and is suitably located on the Atlantic flyway. The refuge is a major stopover and wintering area for waterfowl and spring migrations of shorebirds are tremendous, with the peak migration of songbirds through the area occurring during April. People often think of waterfowl, shorebirds and wading birds as the most important of the migratory birds, and these birds are, of course, seen in large numbers at Chincoteague Refuge.

Songbirds, also neo-tropical migrants, visit the refuge in huge numbers in spring and fall. Prairie Warblers, Red-eyed Vireos, White-eyed Vireos, Yellow Warblers, Indigo Buntings and all manner of colorful, fascinating song birds spend time feeding and resting in the shrubs and maritime forest of Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge.

Neo-tropical migratory birds are those species whose breeding areas and wintering areas span the Arctic and temperate areas of North America and the semi-tropical and tropical areas of Mexico, Central and South America and the Caribbean.

Some of our migrants do not go to the tropics, wintering instead at the southern limit of their range and to the Gulf of Mexico. The golden and bald eagles and the Black Crowned Night Heron make these shorter, though potentially hazardous, trips.

Migration is a particularly stressful time for birds; therefore, food and shelter take on added importance. Storms can lead to the deaths of migrants. Power lines can be killers of owls and raptors. Oil spills kill or endanger water birds. Poisons such as lead and mercury cause indirect or accidental death. Birds collide with spot lighted buildings, and TV and radio towers. Migrating birds are adversely affected by the destruction of stopover sites. Development on the coasts and the filling in of , wetlands have been contributing factors. As these staging areas dwindle, birds are more densely concentrated in small areas. The food supply must then be shared by more birds and the high concentration of birds increases the possibility of disease spreading among the avian population and also increases the opportunity for predation.

Even shore birds that appear to be abundant (Sandpipers, Ruddy Turnstones. Sanderlings, Dunlins) may be in jeopardy because of their dependence upon a few sites that supply super-abundant food
resources.

The long distances between presently existing rest areas may be prohibitive for such birds as the Piping Plover and many of the sandpipers. Disturbance of the migratory pattern may cause some birds to arrive so late that they can raise only one brood although ordinarily they might be able to raise two or even three.

Although all species of birds do not show the same rate of decline, it is known that at least one hundred and fifty species of North American birds are in jeopardy. There is no quick and easy solution to the diminishing of neo-tropical birds as each species may present a slightly different problem. These varied needs suggest the importance of attempting to maintain as diverse a habitat as possible.

Neo-tropical migrants make up sixty to eighty percent of all the breeding birds in the forests of eastern North America. These songbirds play a critical role in the eco-system both as consumers and as prey. Their breeding range consists of over fifteen million square miles, yet their wintering grounds comprise only two and three tenths million square miles.

Deforestation of this winter range has certainly been responsible for a percentage of the decline of many species. It is estimated that the tropical forests are being lost at a rate of one to three percent a year. Some countries such as Costa Rica and Cuba have lost eighty percent of their original forests.

While this can account for some of the decline of our song birds, we in North America must bear some of the responsibility. The Breeding Bird Survey has reported continuing decline of song
birds over the past twenty-seven years. The decline appears to fall under the categories of out-right habitat loss as well as the degradation of habitat. Prairie fragmentation in North American has caused us to lose numbers of grassland birds such as the Bobolink and Dickcissel. Fifty-four percent of our wetlands have been drained, filled and converted to other uses. It is possible that the Midwest has lost
as much as seventy to ninety percent of its wetlands.

Fragmentation of the forests results in birds being forced to nest in small woodlots where they are vulnerable to predators such as skunks, raccoons, jays, grackles, snakes and house pets as well as to the parasitism of cowbirds. Predators thrive on the edge of the woodlands.

Brown-headed cowbirds once favored open country west of the Mississippi using the open prairie for feeding and social display. As forests were cleared, their range extended. Now they range over the entire United States. They are not nest builders, choosing instead to lay their eggs in the nests of song birds. Cowbirds parasitize at least one hundred and forty-four species of birds, most commonly Vireos, Warblers and Flycatchers.

Although they depend on other birds to raise their young, they are an extremely successful species, doubling their population in eight years.

The refuge, created in 1943 to provide habitat and protection for migratory birds is an excellent site for both migrating and nesting birds. The fresh water impoundments on the refuge are managed for the benefit of waterfowl, shorebirds and wading birds. Water levels in some of these impoundments are slowly lowered in April and May to provide ideal conditions for the germination and growth of plants suitable as food for waterfowl which migrate through the refuge in the fall and those which remain on the refuge all winter. The receding water levels provide excellent feeding opportunities for shore and wading birds.

A recently completed habitat enhancement project on the refuge involved the planting of Wax Myrtle shrubs along a portion of the Beach Road. This grassy area is regularly frequented by brown-
headed cowbirds. The wax myrtle will eventually provide additional habitat for neo-tropical migrants and reduce the feeding area for cowbirds. This effort may reduce the number of parasitized nests in the adjacent Loblolly Pine forest.

Since 1973, we have had an Endangered Species Act which allows the USFWS to classify a species as Endangered when there is imminent danger of its extinction. Those species likely to be in danger
soon are considered Threatened. There are also candidates for Special Concern: those known to have suffered losses but still awaiting formal recognition of the severity of their decline. The National Audubon Society recognizes the un-official impairment to a species. This group, thought to be in a decline, is named in a Blue List. Some birds appear to be doing well in many regions of the country, but are of local concern.

Plans for the recovery of breeding populations include the effort to restore habitat, the use of captive breeding programs with release as a goal (as in the peregrine falcon programs), the introduction of nesting boxes for purple martins and blue birds and the closing of areas to public use at breeding time for such birds as the piping plover. There is also an effort to assist developing countries in the use of their natural resources without the concomitant effect of destroying wetlands, grasslands and woodlands.

There is no quick and easy solution to the diminishing of our birds as each species may present a slightly different problem. These varied needs suggest to us that we should attempt to maintain as many diverse habitats as possible.

So why do we care whether we lose a few species of bird? People come first, right? Remember that canaries were taken into the mines. If the birds died, the miner knew that his own life was endangered. We are now looking at birds’ reactions to give us a clue about our general health as related to the environment. What threatens the birds also threatens us. Ozone depletion may cause Cancer and it may damage food production. Our water sources are already showing the effects of acid rain. Fish productions are limited by this. Rapid climate changes damage our agricultural systems.

WHAT CAN WE DO?

On a global and national level, we can support projects which fight against environmental destruction and encourage environmental diversity.

On a local level, homeowners who are responsible for small yards may contribute by providing shelter and feeding sites. A bird bath is a simple addition to the yard. Pools or clean stream beds large enough to support plants that grow in and around water are an even greater asset. If your municipality has no local “weed” ordinance, and if you have no driving desire to own a “perfect” lawn, you might plant native wild flowers and shrubs. Standing dead tree trunks also offer nest sites and shelter.

WHY DO BIRDS MIGRATE?

Over the centuries, people have been fascinated by bird migration. Why do birds migrate? How do they manage to locate breeding and wintering sites? In fact, for many years the mystery was where they went. Aristotle firmly believed that some birds hibernated in hollow trees or perhaps buried themselves in mud. One of the more fanciful notions was that they flew to the moon for the winter.

A theory held until fairly recently was the transmutation of species. People thought that one species disappeared and a different one appeared in its place.

Most people found it easy enough to believe that large, obviously strong birds, could fly long distances; but they doubted that small birds would be able to endure long flights and so assumed that the little fellows must hitch rides on the backs of larger birds or on ships going in the general direction of their destination.

Some birds make spectacularly long flights. some manage remarkable continuous flights without rest as others achieve unusual speeds.

Dr. Robin Baker, in his book “The Mystery of Migration”, makes this startling observation: “Every year, as the summer wanes, willow Warblers weighing only a few grams undertake a journey of 8000
kilometers (5000 miles) to escape winter’s rigors. In human terms, this is equivalent to traveling ten times the distance from the earth to the moon or 38,625,000 kilometers (24,140,000 miles)”.
Weather may be a triggering factor in migration but the underlying reason is surely to ensure food supply. Birds do not migrate unless they are ready to do so.

HOW DO BIRDS KNOW WHERE THEY ARE GOING?

It cannot be assumed that young birds follow older birds during migration because in some species, the young migrate at different times. Sometimes preceding the adults.

Although birds have excellent vision and could possibly remember landmarks, this doesn’t explain how young birds can find their winter homes on their first unescorted trips. It is probable that birds use a number of clues including sight, smell, and the earth’s magnetic force. Possibly they take bearings from sun, moon and stars and even have an ability to recognize home after an absence of as much as eight years. Beyond these things they may use a number of clues that we do not even suspect.

If migration is so stressful, why do birds persist in repeating this hardship? Migration makes it possible for birds to have the best of all worlds: abundant food in an agreeable climate while they raise their families and warm homes in winter, with rich food sources during their resting period.

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By Tammy Rickman

On Saturday, January 30, 2010, winter made its presence known to the islands. The storm moved in late Friday night and the snow began to fall somewhere around dawn Saturday morning. Weather reports were calling for somewhere between 8 to 14 inches, a rarity along barrier islands which lay just off the coast line of the Eastern shore of Virginia and Maryland at the edge of the Atlantic Ocean.

The snow continued to fall throughout the day and grew in intensity causing near whiteout conditions at about a quarter of a mile. As the snow fell, I ventured out and about taking what pictures visibility allowed, of scenes like the ducks huddled in large groups in unfrozen canals. The Chincoteague Wildlife Refuge gates were down so pictures and an investigation would have to wait.

Sunday dawned bright and clear. A crisp sharp wind blew and even though the sun shown bright temperatures never reached above 22 degrees. The scene was like something from a winter wonderland as evergreens hung heavy with heavy fluffy snow and the island was almost hushed in the early morning hours beneath a foot of snow. While taking it all in, the pristine…untouched hand of God, of nature, one became suddenly aware of how out of place it all felt.

A brief drive around the island found only more snow and out of place scenes. Hoping the refuge had been opened I headed out Beach Road and rejoiced when I found the entry gates in an upward reach and pushed forward. The scenes along beach road on Assateague were breath taking. Woodland floors were blanketed in a foot of fresh powder, evergreens hung heavy with fluff, and a quiet hush lay in the air…everything was fresh clean and new….

Wildlife ventured out into strange surrounding. Egrets tested ice sheets in the canal along the road and ponies grazed on tall grasses reaching through the snow. They looked oddly comfortable and out of place all at once. They created a beautiful scene in the snow covered marshes.

The beach was a mix of blown sand and snow drifts. A scene unlike anything I’d ever seen. Of course, I grew up in Mississippi. Walking was a chore at times because a light layer of sand covered portions of the snow creating an allusion of solid ground. As you attempted to step on the sand you sunk to your waist in a snow drift several feet thick. Wind and water created rippling effects in the landscape. Sand and snow mixed, mingled, danced, twirled, separated, and began the cycle over and over again as far as the eye could see.

Barrier islands are ever changing. They grow and shrink then rise and fall… their fate at the hands of the winds and waters that carve and shape them. The snow storm is just another reminder of how miraculous and surprising life here can be.

That said, the weather was not done throwing punches at us and the very next weekend February came roaring. Friday afternoon, February 5 a wet snow began to blow; occasionally sticking to the ground but not the roads or sidewalks.

Later, it turned to rain and the nor’easter dumped a couple inches of rain, melted snow from both storms, and caused some flooding.  Winds howled somewhere around a sustained 45 mph with gusts reaching near 60 mph. 

The winds blew into Saturday and temperatures fell, turning rain back into snow. The rain waters and melted snows began to freeze and the snow began to mount. The winds whipped the wet sticky snow and at times it almost seemed as if we had been transported to some foreign land in the middle of a blizzard.

Around 2  p.m. we lost power. Near dark the heat began to wear off. We opted to take a ride around the island before deciding whether to tough it out with the fireplace and wet wood or opt for a hotel.

We soon discovered that large parts of the island were out of power. The power company and Chincoteague Fire Department personnel were riding around inspecting the island. We decided riding around looking for down trees in a warm car was better than sitting in a cold dark house.

We did eventually find a tree down on Sunnywood and reported it about 8 p.m. but once they cut it down and tried to fire the power back up the lights flickered and then went out again. Somewhere in the blowing snow and darkness was another problem.

The snow slowed to a few floating flakes and I noticed the stars blinking brilliantly in a velvet black sky. The air was fresh and crisp and the world was quiet.

About 9 p.m. they finally found and fixed the problem and the lights went on and we returned home.

Sunday was clear and brilliantly bright. The sun sparkled on pristine snow. It seems Jack Frost is determined to make his icy presence known before giving way to a spring thaw. But if the weather forecast for the upcoming days are any indication, he’s not done yet….

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By Windy Mason and Robert Boswell

Taking into account the economic impact of Assateague Beach to Chincoteague Island and all of Accomack County, the parking lots buried under 3 feet of sand by the powerful November storm, will be restored for use by summer; paid for by the National Park Service.

Lou Hinds, manager of the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge, said the cost is expected to run $600,000, somewhat less than previously thought. Mr. Hinds said at a meeting with community leaders on December 14 he gave a slide shown presentation, “This was the first time a lot of them had gotten the chance to see the actual damage.”

 He said representatives of the park service attended and announced a plan for restoring the parking lots. Also involved in the decision was the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. “The plan for lots 1 and 2 was to dig out the parking lots, pull the shell and clay out, put the sand back down, and then put the clay and shell back on top of the sand.” He said, “Instead of them always getting covered with sand, actually raise them up.” Lots 1 and 2 will also be moved back a bit from the shoreline to lessen the impact of future storms.  Three and 4 are to be dug out and remain as they were. Currently, there are 961 spaces in being restored for visitor parking.

 Mr.Hinds said discussion at the meeting was about making sure that whatever they do out there is sustainable in the face of sea level rise, and is responsible for the American taxpayers dollars.  “There was acknowledgment from the Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Park Service, and I that not only does the town of Chincoteague’s economic base rest on the national seashore, but also the entire Accomack County,” he said.  “There is a large tourism industry in Accomack County, and it is also based somewhat on this shoreline out here. We want the community to be part of the future development and planning for those parking lots.” Said Mr. Hinds.

“This was a storm of historic proportion for many communities, Chincoteague being one of them,” He said, “It has given the community an opportunity to talk openly about its future and not just the future of the community, but also of Assateague Island, and how we’re going to plan for our economic development into the future. My first responsibility is still to the wildlife here on the refuge but that responsibility is also in full awareness of the economic tie to the communities.”

Future plans will apparently include an alternative transportation plan. Mr. Hinds explained, “The alternative transportation plan is very close to completion and the partners, which are the Fish and Wildlife Service, the Town of Chincoteague, the County of Accomack, and Northampton-Accomack Planning Commission, are getting the different chapters to read as we speak.” “Once all of the chapters have been reviewed, we’re planning on having a full blown public meeting tentatively scheduled for sometime in February,” he said.

This alternative transportation plan is not simply talking about parking cars and transporting people to the beach. “That’s one of the alternatives,” said Mr. Hinds. But the plan may include offsite parking, biking, city or public transportation and possibly water taxies to move people around to different parts of the island.

Mr. Hinds said he expected some of the ideas to be met with resistance because over generations, we’ve been trained to take our cars to the national parks and wildlife refuges, and have been encouraged to do that. But we’re learning that this love affair with the automobile, which is really just a hundred years old, is not sustainable, said Mr. Hinds. “It was a great idea. It brought the national parks and the American public together. However, we are realizing now, after a hundred years, that it may not be sustainable,” he said. “If you make the parking at a remote location, and then the ride to the beach is an experience of the beach itself, people will say, ‘Wow! That was cool!’ And, that’s what we’re striving for,” he said. Mr. Hinds said that the experience will begin wherever that parking may be. He also said there might be a trained interpreter, and your arrival out there would be part of the experience of seeing wildlife, seeing the beach.